Titanium

Major ores of Titanium are Ilmenite, Rutile and Titanite. It is the 9th most abundant element in earth’s crust. It has excellent corrosion resistance.
Properties:
1.Lightweight yet strong
2.Biocompatible
3.Non-magnetic and non-toxic
4.Can withstand high temperatures and stress conditions
Applications:
1.Aircraft frames, jet engines, missiles
2.Submarines, Naval ships, Armour Plating
3.Surgical implants, Pacemakers, Dental implants
4.Nuclear Reactors, Wind Turbines
Global Distribution: Australia has the world’s largest reserves. Other sources includes South Africa, India, China, Canada, Norway, USA, Ukraine.
Major sources in India includes Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Odisha, Andhra Pradesh, Maharashtra, Goa.
Challenges:
1.High cost of extraction
2.Environmental issues in coastal mining