Syllabus for Anthropology (Total = 500Marks)

Paper-I: Fundamentals of Anthropology (250Marks)

1. General Anthropology

• Meaning, scope, and development of Anthropology

• Relationship with other disciplines (Social, Life, Medical, Earth Sciences, etc.)

• Main branches: Social-Cultural, Biological, Archaeological, and Linguistic Anthropology

2. Human Evolution & Biological Anthropology

• Evolution of humans: biological & cultural factors

• Theories of evolution: Pre-Darwinian, Darwinian, and modern synthesis

• Primate characteristics & behavior

• Fossil records and major prehistoric hominids

• Human anatomy compared to apes

3. Prehistoric Archaeology

• Archaeological methods: dating techniques

• Cultural stages: Paleolithic, Mesolithic, Neolithic, Chalcolithic, Bronze Age, Iron Age

4. Society and Culture

• Culture: concepts, features, ethnocentrism vs. cultural relativism

• Society: structure, institutions, and stratification

5. Marriage, Family & Kinship

• Marriage types, rules, and customs

• Family structures & impact of modernization

• Kinship systems and terminologies

6. Economic Anthropology

• Modes of production: hunting, agriculture, etc.

• Concepts of reciprocity, redistribution & market exchange

• Globalization and indigenous economies

7. Political Organization

• Types: Band, Tribe, Chiefdom, State

• Concepts of power, authority, and social control

8. Religion & Belief Systems

• Religious theories: evolutionary, functional, psychological

• Animism, totemism, magic, myths, rituals

• Priests, shamans, medicine men

9. Anthropological Theories

• Evolutionism, Functionalism, Structuralism

• Culture and Personality

• Neo-evolutionism, Cultural Materialism

• Symbolic, Interpretive & Cognitive Anthropology

• Post-modernism

10. Language & Communication

• Origin and nature of language

• Verbal and non-verbal communication

11. Research Methods

• Fieldwork & data collection tools

• Case study, genealogy, interviews, participatory methods

• Data analysis & presentation

12. Human Genetics

• Genetic methods: pedigree, twin studies, DNA technology

• Mendelian & polygenic inheritance

• Genetic diseases & disorders

• Genetic screening, counseling & DNA profiling

13. Concepts and Methods of Anthropology

14. Epidemiological Anthropology

15. Concepts of Human Growth and Development

16. Applications of Anthropology

Paper-II: Indian Anthropology (250Marks)

1. Indian Prehistory & Protohistory

• Evolution of Indian culture (Paleolithic to Chalcolithic)

• Indus Valley Civilization

• Tribal contributions to Indian civilization

• Fossil evidence: Narmada Man, Ramapithecus

2. Indian Demography

• Ethnic and linguistic diversity in India

• Population distribution & growth patterns

3. Indian Social System

• Varnashrama, Karma, Purushartha

• Caste system: features, origin theories, dominant caste, mobility

• Sacred Complex & religious impact on society

4. Development of Anthropology in India

• Contributions of colonial administrators & Indian anthropologists

5. Rural & Minority Studies

• Indian villages: structure, caste relations, impact of globalization

• Linguistic and religious minorities

6. Socio-Cultural Change

• Sanskritization, Westernization, Modernization

• Tribal integration and change processes